In Hinduism, walking around a temple or deity in a clockwise direction is known as Pradakshina or Parikrama. Far more than a simple ritual, this ancient practice carries deep spiritual, philosophical, and even scientific significance, enhancing a devotee’s connection with the divine.
The Meaning of Pradakshina
The term Pradakshina literally means "to the right side." During this ritual, devotees circumambulate the sacred object or temple while keeping it on their right. This deliberate direction aligns human movement with the natural flow of energy and cosmic order. As the Times of India notes, "Walking clockwise around the deity symbolizes the eternal nature of existence, with God at the center of life." The motion also mirrors the sun’s path, representing light, energy, and positivity.
Spiritual and Philosophical Significance
Circumambulating the temple reflects the journey of life revolving around the divine. Every step symbolizes shedding ego, ignorance, and material attachments, bringing the devotee closer to spiritual enlightenment. The circular path represents the cosmos itself, reminding practitioners of the interconnectedness of all beings and the universe, with God as the central force.
Why Clockwise?
The clockwise direction is crucial because it aligns with natural cosmic movements—the apparent paths of the sun, moon, and planets. Following this rhythm is believed to generate positive energy, harmony, and spiritual balance. Additionally, according to Vastu Shastra, the ancient science of architecture, clockwise movement supports the flow of positive energy, enhancing meditation, mental focus, and even physical well-being.
Broader Cultural and Religious Context
Pradakshina is performed not only around temples but also sacred fires, holy trees such as Peepal and Tulsi, and pilgrimage sites. Typically, it follows puja, as a gesture of reverence and surrender. Some scriptures interpret the word “Pradakshina” symbolically dispelling sins, fulfilling desires, dissolving karma, and granting salvation.
Scientific and Psychological Benefits
Beyond spirituality, walking clockwise helps focus the mind, calm thoughts, and deepen concentration during prayer. The rhythmic movement improves blood circulation and reduces stress, making Pradakshina a holistic practice for body, mind, and spirit.
In essence, Pradakshina is a profound ritual that blends devotion, cosmic symbolism, and practical benefits, reflecting the harmony between Hindu worship, universal rhythms, and the human quest for divine connection.
